Nestled atop a gentle hill between the quaint villages of West Hallam and Dale Abbey in Derbyshire stands the Cat and Fiddle Windmill—a testament to the ingenuity of 18th-century engineering and a cherished relic of Britain’s milling heritage. This Grade I listed post mill, one of only three preserved Midlands-type post mills in the country, offers a fascinating glimpse into the past, blending history, architecture, and a touch of mystery.
I stayed on a nearby campsite for a few days after having my upholstery done in my old Hymer motorhome and made the point of visiting the local attractions in the area by bicycle.
Along with castles, cathedrals, abbeys and waterfalls, I am aiming to visit as many of the remaining windmills around the UK. I’d be a total fool to believe that I’ll be able to visit every one, but I’m going to give it a good crack at visiting as many as I can!
A Whimsical Name with Mysterious Origins
Let’s address the elephant in the room—or rather, the cat with the fiddle. The moniker “Cat and Fiddle” conjures images of nursery rhymes and whimsical tales. However, the true origin of this peculiar name remains shrouded in mystery. Some speculate it may be linked to a local inn or a colloquial expression lost to time. Regardless of its etymology, the name adds a layer of charm to this historic structure.
A Glimpse into the Past
The Cat and Fiddle Windmill is believed to have been constructed in 1788, a date inscribed on an upper cross tree within the mill. However, it’s worth noting that timber from older mills was often repurposed, so the exact age of the mill could be older than the date suggests. Initially built as an open-trestle post mill, it underwent significant modifications in 1844 when a brick and sandstone roundhouse was added, converting it into a Midlands-type post mill. This design features a rotating body atop a central post, supported by rollers from the roundhouse below, allowing the entire structure to pivot and face the wind—a crucial feature for optimal milling efficiency.
Cat and Fiddle Architectural Marvels
The mill’s construction is a harmonious blend of materials: a circular gritstone base reinforced by later-added brick buttresses, topped with a weather-boarded superstructure crowned by a gabled roof. The interior houses a massive crown tree supporting the superstructure, with machinery—including millstones, wind shaft, brake, and drive wheels—remarkably preserved and almost in working condition. This meticulous craftsmanship not only highlights the engineering prowess of the era but also underscores the mill’s resilience through centuries.
A Miller’s Legacy
The mill’s operational history is closely tied to the Smedley family, who managed it from the 1870s until its closure in 1952. Stephen Smedley, followed by his son George, served as millers, providing essential milling services to local farmers. The mill was a hub of activity, grinding cereal for cattle feed for nearly every farmer in the area. However, post-World War II, the mill’s operations dwindled due to mechanical failures and the advent of modern milling technologies. George Smedley’s widow maintained the mill until 1982, showcasing remarkable dedication by manually adjusting the mill’s orientation to protect it from wind damage—a task that often required nocturnal vigilance.
Preservation Efforts
In 1912, the mill and its surrounding property were acquired by Stanton Ironworks, which later became part of the British Steel Corporation. Recognizing its historical significance, efforts were made to preserve the structure. Despite suffering damage from strong winds in 1987 and 1995, the mill was repaired each time, reflecting the community’s commitment to safeguarding this piece of heritage. In 1982, the property was sold into private ownership, marking the end of the Smedley family’s long association with the mill.
Video of my visit to The Cat and Fiddle Windmill
Check out the below video on my YouTube channel which documents my visit to Cat and Fiddle Windmill along with a few other local attractions.
A Living Relic
Today, the Cat and Fiddle Windmill stands as a rare example of a post mill in Derbyshire and one of the few remaining in England. Its silhouette against the Derbyshire skyline serves as a poignant reminder of the region’s agricultural past and the evolution of milling technology. While no longer operational, the mill’s preservation allows visitors and historians alike to appreciate the ingenuity and craftsmanship of a bygone era.
Visiting the Cat and Fiddle Mill
For those intrigued by this historical gem, the mill is situated on private property, and visits are typically by appointment only. However, the exterior is viewable from the access road, and a café/restaurant has been opened in the grounds, offering a delightful spot to admire the mill while enjoying local fare. It’s advisable to check current visiting arrangements before planning a trip, as access may vary.
Other places of interest in the area
Dale Abbey Ruins and All Saints’ Church – Just a short walk from the windmill, the village of Dale Abbey features the remains of a 13th-century abbey, notably the impressive east window arch. Adjacent to the ruins is All Saints’ Church, renowned for sharing its roof with a farm building—a unique architectural feature.
The Heritage (Hermit’s Cave) – Located within Hermit’s Wood near Dale Abbey, this ancient cave is believed to have been the dwelling of a 12th-century hermit. The site offers insight into medieval monastic life and provides scenic woodland trails for visitors.
Grumpy’s Final Thoughts On The Cat And Fiddle Windmill
The Cat and Fiddle Windmill is more than just a structure; it’s a narrative etched in wood and stone, telling tales of industrious millers, architectural evolution, and a community’s dedication to preserving its heritage. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, an architecture aficionado, or simply someone who appreciates the quaint charm of rural England, this windmill offers a captivating journey into the past. So, the next time you find yourself in Derbyshire, take a moment to visit this remarkable landmark and let the whispers of history guide you through its storied past.
